After the #DemocraticConsolidation: Social networks, polarization and fake news
Keywords:
Digital Social Networks, Micro-messaging, Influencers, Disinformation, Governmental InstitutionsAbstract
En las últimas cuatro décadas, las redes sociales digitales experimentaron una transformación sin precedentes, pasando de la inexistencia a desempeñar un papel fundamental en el ámbito político y social. La polarización era ideológica y no afectiva, y los procesos políticos estaban dominados por gobiernos, partidos, sindicatos y asociaciones empresarias. Hoy, la dinámica ha cambiado drásticamente. La deliberación en las democracias ya no se basa en largos intercambios filosóficos, sino en la circulación descentralizada de millones de micro-mensajes en espacios dominados por una élite de influencers. Este nuevo entorno también facilita la propagación de noticias falsas y teorías de conspiración, minando la confianza en las instituciones gubernamentales, en los medios de comunicación tradicionales y en la información educativa y científica. La sociedad se enfrenta, entonces, desafíos fundamentales relacionados con la gestión de la desinformación, la regulación de las redes sociales y la promoción de un diálogo político más constructivo en un contexto en el cual las mismas continuaran siendo una parte integral de la vida cotidiana de las y los ciudadanos.
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